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"IEEE Sensors Alert" is a new service of the IEEE Sensors Council. Started as one of its new initiatives, this weekly digest publishes teasers and condensed versions of our journal papers in layperson's language.
Articles Posted in the Month (Nov 2021)
Multi-Sensor Chip for Monitoring Key Parameters in Bioprocesses
Author: Nurul IzniRusli, Irene Pia Vincentini, Frederik Ceyssens, Michael Kraft
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 21, Issue: 18, September 2021)
Wearable electronics, mobile applications, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and remote monitoring have revolutionized the health care system. The technological advancement in microfabrication techniques has enabled miniaturization and multi-sensing biosensors devices to monitor vital parameters in bioprocesses. Along with its multiple benefits like compact size, low cost, low power consumption, it can also monitor Cell’s density, oxygen, lactate, glucose, temperature, and pH in real-time.
Experimental Environments for the Internet of Things: A Review
Author: Luis Eduardo Lima, Bruno Yuji Lino Kimura, Valério Rosset
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 19, Issue: 9, MAY 2019)
The Internet of Things (IoT) connects different objects embedded with sensors, software and state-of-the-art technologies through the internet, enabling them to communicate in real-time through the wired or wireless communication system. Its application requires validation before actual implementation to reduce the risk involved, especially in security and privacy. The development of experimental environment (testbeds) provides an efficient platform for conducting practical IoT experiments under real conditions and precise testing techniques for wireless sensor networks (WSN) and IoT applications before implementation.
Author: Adam T. Hayes, Alcherio Martinoli, Rodney M. Goodman
Published in: IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL (VOL. 2, NO. 3, JUNE 2002)
Humans have expertise in using animal’s evolved olfactory senses to their benefit. With the emergence of chemical sensors, efforts are made to make mobile odor-source sensing robots. However, odors cannot be sensed or measured by a single parameter such as wavelength or frequency. Studies show that a group of autonomous mobile robots using suitable algorithms performs superior to a single complex robot in odor localization tasks.
Author: Yazan Qiblawey, Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury, Farayi Musharavati, Erfan Zalnezhad, Amith Khandakar, and Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 21, Issue: 6, March 2021)
With fast growing older population, the need for knee or hip implants has grown tremendously. These implants have short lifetime due to implant wear, loosening, and misalignment. Therefore it becomes imperative to monitor the implants to avoid unexpected failure and unnoticed deterioration. Smart, instrumented implants can provide accurate monitoring of the implant, delaying the revision surgeries and its consequences.
Silicon piezoresistive stress sensors and their application in electronic packaging
Author: J.C. Suhling, R.C. Jaeger
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 1, Issue: 1, June 2001)
The integrated circuits are known for high circuit densities that raise concerns for thermal, mechanical and low-cost packaging material induced stresses. All these put together either cause the chip to fail or perform against the design. Study of such stresses is mandatory before rolling out the chips from a Fab lab. Silicon Piezoresistive Stress Sensors have shown great potential for understanding and detecting stress distributions in electronic packages. It eventually helps in calibrating the IC parameters, selecting wafer planes and packaging materials, etc.
Human Activity Recognition With Smartphone and Wearable Sensors Using Deep Learning Techniques: A Review
Author: E. Ramanujam, Thinagaran Perumal, S. Padmavathi
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 21, Issue: 12, June 2021)
Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is a field that recognizes human activities from raw time-series signals acquired through embedded sensors of smartphones and wearable devices among others. Deep learning networks modeled after neural network of human brain are widely used in HAR system to retrieve and classify distinct activities. AT present they can accurately recognize simple human activities which make them very useful in Smartphone HAR systems.
Author: Anindya Nag, Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay, Jürgen Kosel.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 17, Issue: 13, July 2017)
The use of sensors in the application world has drastically improved the human life. Sensors have reduced the time required to study events from hours, to a few seconds or minutes. Nowadays sensing systems are being used in gas sensing, environmental monitoring, as well as the food industry. Monitoring of physiological parameters is being done through Wearable Flexible Sensors (WFS). Tremendous scientific research is going on to develop sensors with better sustainability and sensitivity and to overcome challenges regarding handling of the generated data, comfort of the person concerned, and the power consumed by the devices. Better manufacturing techniques will help develop newer sensors encompassing all income categories in the near future.
Technologies for Printing Sensors and Electronics Over Large Flexible Substrates: A Review
Author: Saleem Khan, LeandroLorenzelli, Ravinder S. Dahiya
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 15, Issue: 6, June 2015)
Printed sensors and electronics have attracted greater interest as printing facilitates low cost fabrication. With the advent of increased research and demonstration of printed sensors and electronics, we are not far from enabling large area electronics on flexible substrates through cost effective printing technologies on a wide scale. The cost- effectiveness of printing technologies and employing them for flexible electronics will open up new classes of applications, and dramatically change the electronics industry landscape.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 13, Issue: 10, October 2013)
Research in the field of flexible sensor skins has progressed significantly in last few decades. With patch antenna technology, these sensors can be wirelessly interrogated with very simple and low-power sensor circuitries for strain sensing, crack detection, shear measurement, bio-chemical sensing etc. Since the information is encoded as frequency, frequency division multiplexing can be exploited to form a large sensor array, hence making the antenna sensor an excellent candidate for flexible sensor skin implementation.
Author: Vladimir J. Lumelsky, Michael S. Shur, and Sigurd Wagner
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 1, Issue: 1, June 2001)
Sensitive skin is a large array of sensors embedded in a flexible, stretchable, and/or foldable substrate that might cover the surface of a moving machine. It will make possible the use of machines in unsupervised environments by making them ‘cautious’ and find impressive applications in service industry, health industry, bioengineering, space exploration, and many more.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 2, Issue: 3, June 2002)
Pattern Analysis constitutes a critical building block in the development of gas sensor array instruments, which are potential substitutes to the human olfactory system. The process of analysis can be split into signal pre-processing, dimensionality reduction, prediction and validation. The design for successful pattern recognition for human olfactory system requires careful consideration and critical evaluation of various methods.
Author: MalithMaheepala, Abbas Z. Kouzani, Matthew A. Joordens
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 20, Issue: 8, April 2020)
It’s impossible to imagine the modern lifestyle without positioning systems and navigation technologies. The widely used Global positioning system (GPS) and navigation technologiesare ineffective in indoor environments. The emergence of indoor positioning technologies came as a boon for the indoor. Indoor positioning using light signals have immensepotential to provide a reliable and more accurate solution to the indoor positioning systems.
Utilizing Blockchain to Overcome Cyber Security Concerns in the Internet of Things
Author: Bandar Alotaibi
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 19, Issue: 23, December 2019)
The Internet of Things (IoT), a wide network of internet connected objects to exchange data, has found impressive solutions in the last two decades which improved people’s lives. To maximise the benefit of IoT applications, blockchain technology has been explored and utilized to enhance the security limitations of the IoT technology.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 20, Issue: 8, April 2020)
The emerging application of consumer grade EEG measuring sensors and advancement in technology, which had made it portable and affordable, has made it accessible in the general market. EEG devices now have a broader use other than medicine. The researchers, educationists, game developers, engineers, and psychiatrists are enthusiastic about the consumer grade EEG device, which has made the study of the brain accessible and its application quite convenient.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 20, Issue: 8, April 2020)
The embedded sensors in camera-enabled devices like the drones and smartphones have opened immense opportunities of bringing imaging capabilities to sensor networks. The networks of connected cameras using 5G, Zigbee, WiFi, Bluetooth protocols result in an advanced technology of visual sensors platforms. Very soon we expect on-board Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning enabled System-on-Chip wireless visual sensor network (WVSN) platforms for IoT applications.
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline nano-porous materials composed of inorganic metal nodes incorporated with organic ligands. Their remarkable structural and physicochemical tunability makes them superior to conventional chemo-sensory materials. The researcher presented a review of MOF-Optical fiber (OF) sensors based on a change in refractive index induced by adsorbed guest molecules. It demonstrated the promising potential of MOFs as dielectric coatings on OF for highly sensitive and selective chemical sensing.
A robust pavement crack detection network is imperative to mitigate traffic accidents and minimize maintenance costs. The paper proposed an efficient hybrid model by merging YOLOv5 and Transformer, utilizing one-stage architecture and long-range dependency capture for reliable crack detection. The network's performance is further improved using test time augmentation (TTA) for crack detection. An efficient solution for urban pavement damage detection, it paves the way for expanding datasets to tackle diverse pavement issues.
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