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"IEEE Sensors Alert" is a new service of the IEEE Sensors Council. Started as one of its new initiatives, this weekly digest publishes teasers and condensed versions of our journal papers in layperson's language.
Articles Posted in the Month (November 2025)
Braille Recognition Based on a Dual-Mode Tactile Sensor With Piezoresistive and Piezoelectric Properties by the CNN-ResNet-BiLSTM Fusion Model
Author: Wang Feilu, Hu Anyang, Liu Mengru, Song Yang, Zhu Jinggen
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 9, May 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Saurabh Dubey
Braille is a tactile writing system to assist visually impaired individuals in reading and writing. This research presents a micropyramid-structured dual-mode tactile sensor that combines piezoresistive and piezoelectric properties to capture static and dynamic pressures for Braille Recognition. A CNN-ResNet-BiLSTM fusion model analyzes the sensor data and extracts spatiotemporal features to identify Braille characters accurately and improve tactile information processing. This compact, robust system enables reliable and real-time Braille recognition.
Highly Sensitive Enzyme-Modified Field Effect Transistor Based Biosensor for Sarcosine Detection
Author: Saikia Onishaa, Dutta Jiten Ch
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 12, June 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Onishaa Saikia (Author)
Precise measurement of very low concentrations of Sarcosine present in the human body is challenging. This study introduces an enzyme-modified field effect transistor based biosensor that integrates a nano-composite based enzyme supporting layer with a high-k dielectric CNT-ISFET. This biosensor achieves high sensitivity, a very low limit of detection, acceptable stability, along with good repeatability and reproducibility, making it ideal for detecting Sarcosine, a crucial biomarker for Prostate Cancer.
A Novel All-Solid-State Levocetirizine-Selective Potentiometric Microsensor
Author: Dere Nursen
Published in: EE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 11, June 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Payal Savani
Antihistamines like Levocetirizine (LEV) are globally used to treat allergies. Accurate pharmaceutical formulations and quality control are essential to ensure the effectiveness of drugs. This study presents a novel all-solid-state potentiometric microsensor that selectively detects Levocetirizine utilizing Levocetirizine-tetraphenylborate (LEV-TPB). This compact, low-cost microsensor shows low detection limits, a wide operating range, short response times, high accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity, making it a reliable solution for the effective monitoring of Levocetirizine.
Bismuth Functionalized Inkjet-Printed Electrochemical Sensor for Aqueous Lead (II) Detection
Author: Arif Annatoma, Acevedo-Gonzalez Alexis J., Cabrera Carlos R., Roberts Robert Christopher
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 11, June 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Arif Annatoma (Author)
Routine monitoring of water quality includes testing it for lead contamination. The paper presents an innovative 3D bismuth-functionalized, inkjet-printed electrochemical sensor offering reliable and rapid detection of lead(II) in water. This affordable, reusable, flexible, and scalable sensor provides a portable solution with high sensitivity and selectivity, enabling communities and industries to protect public health, meet environmental compliance standards, and integrate advanced sensing technologies, thereby ensuring water safety in real-world applications.
The Dynamics of Flexural Ultrasonic Transducers With Nitinol Plates
Author: Hamilton Alexander, Adams Sam, Chambers John, Feeney Andrew, Hafezi Mahshid, Liu Yuchen
Published in: EEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 12, June 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Alex Hamilton (Author)
The dynamics of commercial aluminium flexural ultrasonic transducers, such as proximity sensors for car parking, are sensitive to fabrication inconsistencies and temperature, which limit their applications. This paper introduces Nitinol for better control of sensor dynamics. Through stress and temperature dependent moduli, Nitinol sensors exhibit a stable resonance frequency up to 80°C. This stability is due to the complex interplay between the dynamic nonlinearity of the piezoceramic and Nitinol moduli.
Unobtrusive Multimodal Monitoring of Physiological Signals for Driver State Analysis
Author: Amidei Andrea, Pavan Paolo, Rabbeni Roberto, Tagliavini Giuseppe
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 5, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Andrea Amidei (Author)
Driver distractions, stress, and fatigue are leading causes of accidents. This study introduces ANGELS v2, an enhanced smart steering wheel system that processes electrodermal activity (EDA) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals by capturing signals such as heart rate, respiration, and skin response to assess the driver's physiological states in real time. Integrated into the vehicle's steering wheel for unobtrusive multimodal sensing, ANGELS v2 showed near-clinical accuracy in a high-fidelity simulator study.
Investigation on Substrate Material for a Sensitive Flexible Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor
Author: Gupta Navneet, Neeraj Neeraj
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 7, April 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Saurabh Dubey
Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors (FPPS) are revolutionizing wearable electronics, soft robotics, and healthcare monitoring. This study identifies polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) as the optimal substrate, offering superior thermal stability, flexibility, and chemical resistance. Validated through simulations, PEN-based FPPS achieved high sensitivity, superior charge transport, and improved mechanical stability than traditional alternatives. By combining multi-criteria material ranking with simulation, this research leads to the development of the next-generation wearable sensors and energy-harvesting devices.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 7, April 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Roger Hasler (Author)
Understanding biomolecular interactions at the solid-liquid interface is key to biotechnology innovations. This study describes the development of a multimodal sensor that integrates optical and electronic readout principles on a single chip, enabling simultaneous monitoring of surface mass and charge density variations associated with (bio)interactions. Combining grating-coupled surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with coplanar-gated field-effect transistors (FET), this scalable, portable platform offers high-precision, dual-mode analysis of complex bio-interfaces for next-generation diagnostics.
Low Latency Visual Inertial Odometry With On-Sensor Accelerated Optical Flow for Resource-Constrained UAVs
Author: Kuhne Jonas, Benini Luca, Magno Michele
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 5, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Jonas Kühne (Author)
Visual-inertial odometry (VIO) is increasingly used for autonomous navigation in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This study introduces a low-latency VIO system that integrates an on-camera optical flow accelerator with an existing state-of-the-art VIO pipeline. Offloading motion tracking to the sensor itself significantly reduces computational load (53.7%), energy consumption (14.24%), and latency (49.4%). This approach maintains, and in some cases even improves, tracking accuracy, making it ideal for resource-constrained UAVs.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 6, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Payal Savani
Sensors are the silent sentinels of technology, translating invisible changes into meaningful data. Among them, pH sensors are vital for monitoring hydrogen ion concentration in biomedical and environmental fields. The study explores a high-performance Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor (EGFET) based pH sensor, developed by modifying zinc oxide with phosphorene. It has boosted sensitivity from 51.0 to 62.5 mV/pH and lowered the drift rate from 1.428 to 0.714 mV/h.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 5, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Gianluca Barile (Author)
The ease of fabrication and versatile use make capacitive sensors a popular choice. This work introduces a fully differential analogue read-out circuit for differential capacitive sensors, featuring an auto-balancing bridge with voltage-controlled capacitors (VCCs) and integral negative feedback. The interface achieved 102 mV/pF sensitivity, and a linearity error of 0.47%, with 8–11 ms dynamic response times. The design enhances sensitivity and linearity, reduces parasitic effects, and demonstrates strong potential for precision sensing.
The Implementation of Single VCII-Based RC Sinusoidal Oscillators: 28 Novel Configurations
Author: Barile Gianluca, Scarsella Massimo
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 5, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Gianluca Barile (Author)
The design of sinusoidal oscillators is a challenging research area. This work presents 28 novel, energy-efficient RC (Resistor-Capacitor) sinusoidal oscillators based on a single second-generation voltage conveyor (VCII). These designs significantly reduce component count compared to traditional operational amplifier circuits and operate in current-mode, enabling low power consumption without requiring an additional voltage output buffer. Experimental validation confirmed 16 configurations operating as expected, highlighting their potential for advanced sensor interfacing applications.
Design and Optimization of a Highly Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Accurate Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Author: Mahmud Russel Reza, Barua Bobby, Islam M. Shariful, Mondal Tanu Prava, Rafi Shah Ali
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 6, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Russel Reza Mahmud (Author)
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) has transformed medical diagnostics. This paper presents a highly sensitive SPR biosensor developed for the accurate detection of tuberculosis (TB) causing bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. By leveraging a novel hybrid structure incorporating black phosphorus and optimized material layers, the sensor achieved remarkable angular sensitivity, enabling rapid, label-free diagnosis with high precision. It can detect even trace amounts of bacteria, providing a powerful tool for faster and accurate TB screening.
Enhancement of Target Localization Based on Angle-of-Arrival Measurement via Quantum Sensor Networks
Author: Chai Hongzhou, Hui Jun
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 6, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Hongzhou Chai (Author)
With the advancement of quantum information technology, integrating quantum resources, such as entangled photons into traditional measurement fields can improve parameter estimation accuracy. This study introduces a novel quantum-enhanced angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation method for evaluating the performance of a quantum sensing localization system. The work contributes to realizing quantum navigation and localization with drastically improved integrated accuracy, thereby refining its applications in radar, navigation, wireless communication, and target localization.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 25, Issue: 5, March 2025)
Summary Contributed by: Simone Benatti (Author)
Accurate hand motion modeling is important for intuitive human–machine interaction (HMI). This paper introduces an event-based high-density surface electromyography encoding method for multifinger force estimation, optimized for real-time, low-power microcontroller applications. Evaluated on the High-densitY Surface Electromyogram Recording (HYSER) dataset in realistic multiday settings, it showed competitive accuracy. With energy consumption under 6.5 μJ per sample and latency below 280 μs, it enables efficient, real-time regression for future wearable HMI applications.
After years of existence and research efforts, dielectric materials in non-contact bioelectrodes guarantee the hope and survival of patients with heart abnormalities. Without painful skin abrasion, cardiac monitoring devices could reliably ensure constant care and well-being of patients. The researchers provide invaluable insights into the influence of dielectric materials that could change the future of ECG monitoring systems.
RFID-a radio-frequency identification technology, is gaining popularity as a wireless sensor for track and trace applications. The high cost of chipped-RFID tags makes them unsuitable for mass production. The Chipless-RFID tag is lightweight, durable, reliable, and energy-sufficient and can be mass-produced using inexpensive conductive inks or yarns. Improving range and data capacity in chipless-RFID tags could make them indispensable as wearables.
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