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"IEEE Sensors Alert" is a pilot project of the IEEE Sensors Council. Started as one of its new initiatives, this weekly digest publishes teasers and condensed versions of our journal papers in layperson's language.
Articles Posted in the Month (April 2025)
Noninvasive Blood Glucose Measurement Using RF Spectroscopy and a LightGBM AI Model
Author: Dominic Klyve, Steve Lowe, Kaptain Currie, James H. Anderson, Carl Ward, Barry Shelton
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 17, September 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Saurabh Dubey
Blood glucose monitoring is crucial in diabetes patients. This paper combines radiofrequency (RF) spectroscopy with a LightGBM AI model to explore a non-invasive method for measuring blood glucose levels. RF signals detect the change in blood glucose concentration in the skin, which is processed through the AI model to estimate blood glucose levels accurately. The approach aims to provide a non-invasive, safe, and convenient way for regular glucose monitoring in diabetic care.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 23, December 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Brent Leier (Author)
The limitations of conventional temperature sensors in extremely cold environments pose significant challenges across various industries. This paper introduces a microwave sensor utilizing a stripline transmission for low-temperature sensing. The sensor exploits the temperature-sensitive properties of dielectric materials, enabling precise detection of frequency shifts correlated with temperature variations. The innovatively designed sensor is feasible for low and sub-zero temperature measurement owing to its linear sensitivity and stable, repeatable measurements.
Author: N. Bhavana, Mallikarjun M. Kodabagi, B. Muthu Kumar, P. Ajay; N. Muthukumaran, A. Ahilan
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 15, August 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Anupama
Road potholes pose significant risks to road safety and infrastructure. POT-YOLO is a novel real-time detection system combining edge segmentation with the You Look Only Once (YOLOv8) architecture. This innovative approach improves pothole localization by accurately identifying their contours. POT-YOLO demonstrates exceptional performance, ensuring accurate and efficient detection even in challenging conditions. Its real-time capabilities allow for deployment on edge devices, facilitating proactive maintenance and improving road safety.
Analysis and Design of Biplanar Coils Within Magnetic Shielding Room Considering Actual Ferromagnetic Boundaries
Author: Xu Xueping, Liu Yi, Sun Xin, Zhou Weiyong
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 24, December 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Xu Xueping (Author)
Studying the coupling relationship between the magnetic shield and coil is crucial for designing a magnetic field coil with high uniformity. This paper presents a novel method for designing high-uniformity biplanar coils inside a closed magnetic shielding room with ferromagnetic boundaries. The approach accounts for the permeability and thickness of the magnetic shielding materials to effectively improve the uniformity of the coil, which is important for achieving a near-zero magnetic field environment.
High-Sensitivity of Self-Powered Gas Sensors Based on Piezoelectric Nanogenerators With Y-Doped 1-D ZnO Nanostructures
Author: Ji Liang-wen, Chu Tung-Te, Chu Yen-Lin, Xie Jun-Hong
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 12, June 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Saurabh Dubey
Self-powering sensors will make the sensing devices portable. This study explores a self-powered gas sensor using Yttrium-doped zinc oxide (Y-doped ZnO) nanorod arrays and piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs). The sensor demonstrated self-powering capability, offering portability and energy efficiency. It exhibits superior sensitivity to carbon monoxide (CO) compared to conventional sensors. The advantages include portability, improved gas adsorption and functionality, facilitating integration into the IoT systems, and wearable sensors for real-time environmental monitoring.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 24, December 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Tobias Gnos (Author)
Vertical Hall Devices (VHD) offer a way for accurate low-cost angular position sensing. In-plane stresses on the silicon die caused by packaging or external forces challenge the increasing accuracy requirements in the automotive and automation industry over a wide temperature range. The study presents a novel active stress compensation method to increase the accuracy of angle measurements in CMOS-integrated VHD’s. The approach is particularly beneficial for applications requiring high-accuracy magnetic field sensing.
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 18, September 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Saurabh Dubey
Contact scanning probes may have issues of reduced accuracy due to high speed and high frequency. This paper presents the innovative contact scanning probe, utilizing dual-parameter feedback to optimize pole configuration. It enhances accuracy by correcting high-speed and high-frequency errors with real-time accuracy and dynamic compensation. The approach aims to improve measurement accuracy and stability in high-speed scanning systems. It has promising potential in precision manufacturing, nanotechnology, and medical fields.
From Simulation to Surgery: Comprehensive Validation of an Optical Sensor for Monitoring Focal Laser Ablation of Solid Organ Tumors
Author: Geoghegan Rory, Hughes Griffith, Marks Leonard, Natarajan Shyam, Priester Alan, Sisk Anthony, Sun Songping, Tirado Richard
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 24, December 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Rory Geoghegan (Author)
Focal laser ablation (FLA) is a minimally invasive procedure using thermal coagulation to treat tumors with fewer side effects than surgery. However, it lacks an accurate and affordable monitoring method. This paper presents an optical sensor for real-time monitoring of the ablation process. The sensor has been validated through simulations, ex vivo, and clinical studies and can detect the coagulation boundary precisely without tissue-specific calibration.
Exploring and Identifying Bias-Instability Noise Sources in Mode-Split MEMS Gyroscopes Based on Electrostatic Frequency Tuning
Author: Jie Lin, Yang Zhao, Guoming Xia, Qin Shi, Anping Qiu
Published in: IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 18, September 2024)
Summary Contributed by: Kamalesh Tripathy
MEMS gyroscope has advanced with the advancements in processing and manufacturing technology. However, their structure and system-based noise level continue to pose challenges in proper implementation and restrict their performance with high accuracy and precision. This paper proposes a system-level noise model that analyzes the relationship between frequency split and noise performance. It identifies noise sources and contributes to bias instability, establishing a frequency-tuning criterion for different noise requirements.
Conventional electronic substrates offer stability and reliability. However, they significantly contribute to electronic waste (e-waste). This study explores stone-based substrates, ranging from natural raw stone to stone paper, as sustainable alternatives for high-performance thin-film temperature sensors. Integrating biodegradable zinc (Zn)-based resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) and amorphous InGaZnO (IGZO)-based thermistors pave the way for dissolvable sensors and reusable substrates, thus leading to less harmful e-waste and advancing eco-friendly electronics.
Knee injuries and other minor or chronic knee conditions are prevalent. Monitoring rehabilitation or medication progress in knee treatment is time-consuming, expensive, and requires regular imaging, follow-ups, and several tests. However, knee health can be monitored and “joint health score” calculated remotely with wearable sensors that pick up sound, swelling, temperature and motion. Packaging these sensors into a wearable brace is vital for monitoring the knee.
Vital signs, such as heart rate (HR) and respiratory rates (RR), are crucial for patients' health assessment. Technological advancements have led to non-contact monitoring using cameras and radars. This paper introduces a camera-guided frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar system for real-time non-contact vital sign monitoring. The novel singular value-based point detection (SVPD) method is designed to optimize respiratory and heart rate monitoring. Experiments show high accuracy and effective vital signs monitoring.
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